FIRST AID
First aid is very
important and it is smart for everyone to be prepared in an emergency. Make sure
you’re prepared BEFORE anything goes wrong.
Here are some questions
you need to ask yourself before doing anything:
¨
What’s happening?
¨
How many people
are hurt?
¨
Is it safe for you
to get involved?
¨
What did think
when you first saw the scene at hand?
¨
Are there any
medical professionals around to help?
¨
Is he/she awake?
¨
Are they
breathing?
After these questions have been answered, then you can
address the situation. Here are some helpful tips and instructions on how to
handle specific medical situations.
CPR STEPS
1.
Place your hands
on their chest, one on top of the other. Push fast and hard. Use your body
weight to administer compression's of approximately two inches deep. (See below image for visual.)
2.
Deliver rescue
breaths. Tilt their head back slightly, pinch their nose and place your mouth
over their mouth and make a complete seal. Blow into their mouth until their
chest rises. Only give two rescue
breaths at a time. (See below image for
visual)
3.
Continue steps 1
& 2 until they appear to be breathing again or until medical help arrives. (See below image for visual.)
THE HEIMLICH MANEUVER
The Heimlich Maneuver is
used to dislodge food or anything else that is stuck in a person’s throat when
they’re choking. It is a simple 3 step process that can save someone’s life.
1.
Stand behind the
victim, wrapping your arms around their abdomen. Put your dominate hand into a
fist, and place it just above their navel. Wrap your other hand around the
fist. Make sure you thumb is not on the person to avoid injury.
2.
Begin Performing
abdominal thrusts. Pull in and up, pressing into their abdomen with quick
thrusts. Make the thrust quick and forceful. Continue these movements until the
object is dislodged. (See image below as
an example.)
3.
After the object is dislodged, make sure their breathing is back to normal. If these steps fail, immediately call 911.
After the object is dislodged, make sure their breathing is back to normal. If these steps fail, immediately call 911.
HANDLING INJURY WOUNDS
There are many different
types of wounds including cuts, punctures, penetrations, and scratches. The
first thing you need to do is clean the wound to prevent any infections. Some
wounds may require medical attention, such as stitches or staples. If this is
the case, apply pressure to the wound and seek medical attention by calling 911
or going to a local doctor’s office.
HOW TO HANDLE SHOCK
Shock is what happens when the organs in a body are not receiving the proper amount of blood. This can be life-threatening so it is very important that you know how to handle it.
¨
First, call 911.
If someone goes into shock, their life could be in trouble.
¨
Second, check the
person’s airway. If they aren’t breathing, begin CPR. If they are breathing,
continuously check their breathing until help arrives.
¨
Third, if their
injury is not located on the head, neck, leg, or spine, lay the person at hand
on their back and elevate their legs approximately 12 inches, or 30
centimeters. DO NOT ELEVATE THEIR HEAD.
¨
Fourth, attend to
any wounds they may have.
¨
Keep them comfortable
and warm. If they begin vomiting or drooling, turn their head to the side so
they do not chock. DO NOT DO THIS IF
THEY HAVE A SPINE INJRUY. If they have a spine injury, keep their head, neck,
and back aligned and roll them to the side.
Important things
to remember:
¨
Do not give the
person mouth to mouth.
¨
Do not move the
person if they have a spinal injury.
¨
Do not wait for
milder shock symptoms to worsen before calling 911.
First
aid is something that everyone should be comfortable with. You want to make sure you
are prepared before you’re put in a situation where you need to use these first
aid tips. Just always remember, if a situation is too big for you to handle, call 911.
Work Cited
"First Aid Steps | Perform First Aid."
American Red Cross. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2017. http://www.redcross.org/take-a-class/first-aid/perfoming-first-aid/first-aid-steps
"CPR Steps | Perform CPR." American Red
Cross. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2017. http://www.redcross.org/take-a-class/cpr/perfoming-cpr/cpr-steps
"CPR in Adults: Positioning Your Hands for Chest
Compressions." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2017. http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/cpr-in-adults-positioning-your-hands-for-chest-compressions
First Aid Chest Compressions. 2015. Web. 28 Mar. 2017.
http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/cpr-in-adults-positioning-your-hands-for-chest-compressions
"Wounds (Care): First Aid for Lacerations &
Other Types." EMedicineHealth. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2017. http://www.emedicinehealth.com/wound_care/article_em.htm
"Shock." MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia.
N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2017. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000039.htm
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